Infertility & Fertility Care

Infertility in Women & Men: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment Guide

One in six couples experiences difficulty conceiving. Here’s a clear, judgment-free guide to the causes, tests and treatments that can help.

September 2026 8 min read Reviewed by Dr. Pradeep Manmath Musale

Struggling to conceive can feel isolating, but it is far more common than most couples realise — and in most cases, treatable. At Akshay Nursing Home, Thergaon, Pune, our infertility care programme combines careful diagnosis with a calm, judgment-free approach for both partners.

What Counts as Infertility?

Infertility is generally defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse (or 6 months if the woman is over 35). It affects both men and women in roughly equal proportion, which is why a thorough fertility work-up always evaluates both partners together.

Common Causes in Women

  • Ovulation disorders – including conditions like PCOS, which can prevent regular egg release
  • Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes – often related to past infections or endometriosis
  • Uterine or cervical abnormalities – fibroids, polyps or structural issues
  • Age-related decline in egg quality and quantity
  • Thyroid or other hormonal imbalances

Common Causes in Men

  • Low sperm count or poor sperm motility
  • Abnormal sperm shape (morphology)
  • Hormonal imbalances affecting sperm production
  • Lifestyle factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol, obesity or chronic stress
  • Varicocele or other structural conditions

Good to know: Male infertility contributes to roughly 40–50% of infertility cases, yet it is often the least discussed. Our team offers dedicated male infertility counselling as part of every fertility evaluation.

Diagnostic Tests We Use

A fertility evaluation at Akshay Nursing Home typically includes hormonal blood tests, a pelvic ultrasound to assess the uterus and ovaries, tubal patency tests where indicated, and semen analysis for the male partner. All of this is available through our on-site diagnostic services, so results reach your doctor quickly and treatment isn’t delayed.

Fertility Treatment Options

Treatment is always personalised, starting with the least invasive option that suits your situation:

  • Ovulation induction: Medication to regulate and stimulate ovulation
  • Timed intercourse or IUI (Intrauterine Insemination): Recommended for mild male-factor or unexplained infertility
  • Surgical correction: For structural issues such as fibroids or tubal blockages
  • Integrated Ayurveda: Several patients combine treatment with Ayurvedic care to support overall reproductive health
  • Referral for advanced ART (IVF/ICSI): Coordinated with specialist fertility centres when required

Once pregnancy is achieved, our team also guides couples through obstetric care and, for those interested, our Garbhasanskar programme for holistic prenatal wellbeing.

The Emotional Side of Infertility

Fertility treatment can be emotionally demanding. We encourage open conversations at every visit and offer counselling support alongside medical treatment, because managing stress is an important part of the overall plan — not an afterthought.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should we see a fertility specialist?

If you’re under 35 and have been trying for 12 months, or over 35 and trying for 6 months, it’s a good time to book a consultation. Don’t wait if you already know of a condition like PCOS, endometriosis or irregular cycles.

Is infertility always permanent?

No. Many causes of infertility are treatable or manageable with the right medical support, lifestyle changes, or assisted reproductive techniques.

Dr. Pradeep Manmath Musale

Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist — Akshay Nursing Home, Thergaon, Pune. 30+ years of clinical, academic and surgical experience in women’s health.

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